Who invented arrays

The offset of "user" is , "super user" , and so on. The code would then extract each by iterating through the offsets with substring functions and finding the proper offsets, then using the offset to extract the right substring. There were also some useful methods like push and pop on top of this. Along the way he "invented" file locking using a master file which contained a list of files to be locked -- he apparently never thought of what might happen if the master file itself was open by two processes If you look at it from his perspective, he must think he's a genius -- I mean, sheesh: he single handedly invented the concept, or at least the implementation of, arrays!

PAR Under conventional ways of fabricating the detector arrays, however, there is a price to be paid for constructing an array having a high fill factor to achieve either a high efficiency or a high resolution. As the spacing between the sensor elements in the plane of the array is reduced, so too is the amount of space available for the wires or metalizations needed to interconnect the sensors. If the space is reduced too much, the interconnections must be made off of the plane of the array, which greatly increases the complexity of fabricating the array and of connecting it to the external circuitry which processes the image signals.

Furthermore, with recent developments in parallel processing, cellular automata, neural networks and circuit simulation of biological networks, a greater premium is being placed on the space between the sensors since the complexity of the sensor interconnections is significantly increasing.

Associative circuitry which implements communication and feedback within groups and between groups of sensors is a key design objective in these newer technologies. Consequently, the details of the interconnections are becoming more and more complex. Moreover, it is also becoming increasingly desirable to bring the interconnecting circuitry closer to the groups of sensors which are operating associatively rather than have the interconnections located off of the wafer or the substrate containing the sensors.

The sensor elements within the sensor array are oriented on the back side so that each sensor element is aligned to receive light from a corresponding diffractive lens of the lens array. PAR Preferred embodiments include the following features. The substrate is a semiconductor and the sensor elements are charge-coupled detectors. Also each lens in the array is a binary diffractive lens having a focal length which is approximately equal to the thickness of the substrate.

In addition, the lens array has a fill factor which is approximately equal to one while the sensor array has a fill factor which is substantially less than one. PAR In another embodiment of the invention, the detector array further comprises a second substrate having an array of diffractive elements formed on one of its surfaces. The second substrate is disposed above and in proximity to the top side of the other substrate so that the diffractive elements on the second substrate are substantially aligned with corresponding sensor elements and diffractive lenses on the other substrate.

Their elements are next to each other in memory. If you need to access more than one of them, the process is extremely optimized because your computer already knows where the value is located. Arrays are classified as Homogeneous Data Structures because they store elements of the same type. They can store numbers, strings, boolean values true and false , characters, objects, and so on. But once you define the type of values that your array will store, all its elements must be of that same type.

The amazing power of arrays comes from their efficiency to access values. This is achieved thanks to its grid-like structure. When you create an array, you: - Assign it to a variable. But how can you tell the computer which particular value you would like to access?

This is where indices take a vital role! This is a number that refers to the location where the value is stored. As you can see in the diagram below, the first element in the array is referred to using index 0. As you move further to the right, the index increases by one for each space in memory.

For example: If your array is stored in the variable myArray and you want to access the first element at index 0 , you would use myArray[0]. This is key because arrays are extremely efficient in accessing values because all the elements are stored in contiguous spaces in memory.

This way, the computer knows exactly where to look to find the information you requested. You are reserving memory for future operations that may not occur. This is why arrays are recommended in situations when you know beforehand how many elements you are going to store.

Now that you know what arrays are when they are used, and how they store elements, we will dive into their operations like insertion and removal.